# ZwahlenDesign Color Palettes

Color Palettes, Color Atlases and Color Harmonies Documentation.

Copyright © 2010 Christian Zwahlen. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".

- Author: Christian Zwahlen
- Version: 7.2
- Date: 2010.05.17
- Other language: German

## Contents

1. Languages
2. Requirements
3. Installation
   1. GIMP
   2. Krita
   3. KolourPaint
   4. KColorEdit
   5. KColorChooser
   6. Agave
   7. SwatchBooker
   8. Inkscape
   9. Karbon14
   10. sK1
   11. KOffice
   12. OpenOffice.org
   13. StarOffice
   14. NeoOffice
   15. Scribus
   16. Quanta Plus
   17. Other KDE applications
   18. Other applications
4. Documentation
   1. Color Theory
   2. Base Colors
   3. Spectrum
   4. Color Atlas
   5. Color Cube Slices
   6. Color Harmony
   7. Special Palettes
   8. Legend
5. Reference/Source
6. Acknowledgment
7. Homepage/Support
8. Changelog
9. License
10. Valid

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## 1 Languages

1. English
2. German

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## 2 Requirements

### Software compatibility

- Image Manipulation Program: GIMP (Linux, Win, Mac), Krita (Linux), KolourPaint (Linux)
- Colorschemer: Agave 0.4.7 (Linux), SwatchBooker (Linux)
- Colors palette files editor: KColorEdit (Linux)
- Color selector: KColorChooser (Linux)
- Scalable Vector Drawing and SVG editors: Inkscape (Linux, Win, Mac), Karbon14 (Linux), sK1 (Linux)
- Office Software: KOffice (Linux), OpenOffice.org 1, 2, 3 (Linux, Win, Mac), StarOffice 6, 7, 8, 9 (Linux, Win), OxygenOffice (Linux, Win), NeoOffice 1, 2, 3 (Mac).
- DTP: Scribus (CMYK palettes above 1.3.5svn).
- Development: Quanta Plus
- Other KDE applications
- IBM Lotus Symphony (Linux, Win, Mac). No import of color palettes possible.
- Other software: Only images of color palettes usable (no color names available).

### Software and RGB/CMYK color palettes

Short overview: Where you find which color palettes for which software?

Software and RGB/CMYK color palettes
Software | Directory | Suffix | Color Model | Palettes
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
GIMP and others | /gpl/ | .gpl | RGB | 146
- | - | CMYK | No
OpenOffice.org 1 - 2, StarOffice 6 - 8 and others | /1.soc/ | .soc | RGB | 146
OpenOffice.org ab 3, StarOffice 9 and others | /soc/ | .soc | RGB | 146
OpenOffice.org 1 - 3, StarOffice 6 - 9 and others | - | - | CMYK | No
Scribus | /txt/ | .txt | RGB | 146
Scribus above 1.3.5svn | /xml/ | .xml | RGB | 56
CMYK | 56
sK1 above 0.9.0 | /skp/ | .skp | RGB | 56
CMYK | 56

Legend

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## 3 Installation

Installation tutorial for the operating systems: Linux, Windows and Mac. The installation for others UNIX operating systems is similar.

### Contents

1. GIMP
2. Krita
3. KolourPaint
4. KColorEdit
5. KColorChooser
6. Agave
7. SwatchBooker
8. Inkscape
9. Karbon14
10. sK1
11. KOffice
12. OpenOffice.org
13. StarOffice
14. NeoOffice
15. Scribus
16. Quanta Plus
17. Other KDE applications
18. Other applications

### GIMP

Required: Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .gpl from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/gpl or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/gpl in the following directory:

- Linux: ~/.gimp-2.6/palettes/
- Win: ~\GIMP-2.6\share\gimp\2.6\palettes\
- Mac: ~/Library/Application Support/Gimp/palettes/

### Krita

#### Krita 1.x

Required: Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .gpl in the following directory:

- Linux: ~/.kde/share/config/colors/
- Win: ...\config\colors\ Beta
- Mac: /opt/local/share/kde/config/colors/ Beta

#### Krita 2.x

Optional: Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .gpl in the following directory:

- Linux: ~/.kde/share/config/colors/
- Win: ...\config\colors\
- Mac: /opt/local/share/kde/config/colors/

Required: Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .gpl in the following directory:

- Linux: usr/share/kde4/apps/krita/palettes/
- Win: ...\krita\palettes\
- Mac: .../krita/palettes/

Display the color palettes with Settings → Dockers → Color Palettes. Next, click on Add / Remove Colors... for the dialog Add / Remove Colors then click on the blue icon "Open palette" and select a color palette with the suffix .gpl with click on Open and OK.

### KolourPaint

Required: Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .gpl from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/gpl or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/gpl in the following directory:

- Linux: ~/.kde/share/config/colors/

### KColorEdit

Optional: Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .gpl from colorpalettes_international_txt or colorpalettes_europa_txt in the following directory:

- Linux: ~/.kde/share/config/colors/

### KColorChooser

Required: Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .gpl from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/gpl or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/gpl in the following directory:

- Linux: ~/.kde/share/config/colors/

### Agave

Required: Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .gpl from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/gpl or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/gpl in the following directory:

- Linux: ~/.local/share/agave/palettes/

### SwatchBooker

Optional: Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .gpl or .soc from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/gpl or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/gpl in the following directory:

- Linux: ~/swatchbooker/

Required: In the software menu, open a color palette:

- Linux: File → Open

Select a color palette with the suffix .gpl or .soc and open it with Open.

### Inkscape

Required: Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .gpl from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/gpl or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/gpl in the following directory:

- Linux: ~/.inkscape/palettes/
- Win: ~\Inkscape\share\palettes\
- Mac: ~/inkscape.app/Contents/Resources/palettes/

### Karbon14

Required: Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .gpl from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/gpl or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/gpl in the following directory:

- Linux: ~/.kde/share/config/colors/

### sK1

Above version 0.9.0.

Optional: Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .skp from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/skp or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/skp or colorpalettes/en/cmyk/international/skp or colorpalettes/en/cmyk/europa/skp in the following directory:

- Linux: ~/.sK1/palettes/
- Win: ...\palettes\
- Mac: .../palettes/

Required: In the software menu:

- View → Load Color List

Select a color palette with the suffix .skp and click on OK.

### KOffice

Required: Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .gpl from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/gpl or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/gpl in the following directory:

- Linux: ~/.kde/share/config/colors/
- Win: ...\config\colors\
- Mac: /opt/local/share/kde/config/colors/

### OpenOffice.org

The installation is analog for OxygenOffice.

#### Contents

1. Optional
   - Linux/UNIX
   - Windows
   - Mac
2. Required
   - Linux/UNIX/Windows/Mac

#### 1. Optional

Display hidden files in your file browser (in Nautilus with `Strg`+`H`).

##### Linux/UNIX

###### OpenOffice.org 1 - 2

Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .soc from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/1.soc or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/1.soc ("1" for OpenOffice.org 1 or higher) in the following directory:

- OpenOffice.org 1: ~/.openoffice.org1/user/config/
- OpenOffice.org 2: ~/.openoffice.org/2/user/config/

###### OpenOffice.org 3

Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .soc from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/soc or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/soc in the following directory:

- OpenOffice.org 3: ~/.openoffice.org/3/user/config/

###### OpenOffice.org 3.2

Download and install the OpenOffice.org Extension ZD Color Palettes.

##### Windows

###### OpenOffice.org 1 - 2

Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .soc from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/1.soc or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/1.soc ("1" for OpenOffice.org 1 or higher) in the following directory:

- OpenOffice.org 1: ~\OpenOffice1\user\config\
- OpenOffice.org 2: ~\OpenOffice\2\user\config\

###### OpenOffice.org 3

Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .soc from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/soc or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/soc in the following directory:

- OpenOffice.org 3: ~\OpenOffice\3\user\config\

###### OpenOffice.org 3.2

Download and install the OpenOffice.org Extension ZD Color Palettes.

##### Mac

###### OpenOffice.org 1 - 2

Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .soc from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/1.soc or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/1.soc ("1" for OpenOffice.org 1 or higher) in the following directory:

- OpenOffice.org 1: Applications/OpenOffice.org1/user/config/
- OpenOffice.org 2: ~/Library/Application Support/OpenOffice.org/2/user/config/

###### OpenOffice.org 3

Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .soc from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/soc or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/soc in the following directory:

- OpenOffice.org 3: ~/Library/Application Support/OpenOffice.org/3/user/config/

###### OpenOffice.org 3.2

Download and install the OpenOffice.org Extension ZD Color Palettes.

#### 2. Required

##### Linux/UNIX/Windows/Mac

###### OpenOffice.org 1 - 3

Create and select a Draw image with a click. In the software menu under View → Toolbars → Drawing display the toolbar, then create for example a rectangle and select it with the cursor.

Tip: Furthermore, with a right click you arrive directly to the dialog Area.

In the software menu breed the dialog "Area":

- Writer: Format → Objekt → Area
- Calc: Format → Graphic → Area
- Draw or Impress: Format → Area

Under Colors click on the folder icon ("Load Color List") and select a color palette with the suffix .soc and click on Open.

Tip: A other color palettes as standard. Rename the standard.soc file to (for example) "standard_original.soc" and rename for example the basecolors_6_ry.soc or basecolors_5_ry.soc palette to "standard.soc".

### StarOffice

#### Contents

1. Optional
   - Linux/UNIX
   - Windows
   - Mac
2. Required
   - Linux/UNIX/Windows/Mac

#### 1. Optional

Display hidden files in your file browser (in Nautilus with `Strg`+`H`).

##### Linux/UNIX

###### StarOffice 1 - 5

- StarOffice 1 - 5: Not supported.

###### StarOffice 6 - 8

Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .soc from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/1.soc or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/1.soc ("1" for OpenOffice.org 1 or higher) in the following directory:

- StarOffice 6: ~/.staroffice6/user/config/
- StarOffice 7: ~/.staroffice7/user/config/
- StarOffice 8: ~/.staroffice/8/user/config/

###### StarOffice 9

Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .soc from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/soc or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/soc in the following directory:

- StarOffice 9: ~/.staroffice/9/user/config/

###### StarOffice 9 (Product Update 4)

Download and install the StarOffice Extension ZD Color Palettes.

##### Windows

###### StarOffice 1 - 5

- StarOffice 1 - 5: Not supported.

###### StarOffice 6 - 8

Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .soc from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/1.soc or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/1.soc ("1" for OpenOffice.org 1 or higher) in the following directory:

- StarOffice 6: ~\StarOffice6\user\config\
- StarOffice 7: ~\StarOffice7\user\config\
- StarOffice 8: ~\StarOffice\8\user\config\

###### StarOffice 9

Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .soc from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/soc or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/soc in the following directory:

- StarOffice 9: ~\StarOffice\9\user\config\

###### StarOffice 9 (Product Update 4)

Download and install the StarOffice Extension ZD Color Palettes.

##### Mac

###### StarOffice 9

Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .soc from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/soc or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/soc in the following directory:

- StarOffice 9: ~/Library/Application Support/StarOffice/9/user/config/

###### StarOffice 9 (Product Update 4)

Download and install the StarOffice Extension ZD Color Palettes.

#### 2. Required

##### Linux/UNIX/Windows/Mac

###### StarOffice 1 - 5

- StarOffice 1 - 5: Not supported.

###### StarOffice 6- 9

Create and select a Draw image with a click. In the software menu under View → Toolbars → Draw display the toolbar, then create for example a rectangle and select it with the cursor.

Tip: Furthermore, with a right click you arrive directly to the dialog Area.

In the software menu breed the dialog "Area":

- Writer: Format → Objekt → Area
- Calc: Format → Graphic → Area
- Draw or Impress: Format → Area

Under Colors click on the folder icon ("Load Color List") and select a color palette with the suffix .soc and click on Open.

Tip: A other color palettes as standard. Rename the standard.soc file to (for example) "standard_original.soc" and rename for example the basecolors_6.soc or basecolors_5.soc palette to "standard.soc".

### NeoOffice

#### Contents

1. Optional
   - Mac
2. Required
   - Mac

#### 1. Optional

Display hidden files in your file browser (in Nautilus with `Strg`+`H`).

##### Mac

###### NeoOffice/J 1 - 2

Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .soc from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/1.soc or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/1.soc ("1" for OpenOffice.org 1 or higher) in the following directory:

- NeoOffice/J 1: Applications/NeoOfficeJ/user/config/
- NeoOffice 2: ~/Library/Preferences/NeoOffice-2.0/user/config/

###### NeoOffice 3

Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .soc from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/soc or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/soc in the following directory:

- NeoOffice 3: ~/Library/Preferences/NeoOffice-3.0/user/config/

###### NeoOffice 3.0

Download and install the NeoOffice Extension ZD Color Palettes.

#### 2. Required

##### Mac

###### NeoOffice 1 - 3

Create and select a Draw image with a click. In the software menu under View → Toolbars → Draw display the toolbar, then create for example a rectangle and select it with the cursor.

Tip: Furthermore, with a right click you arrive directly to the dialog Area.

In the software menu breed the dialog "Area":

- Writer: Format → Objekt → Area
- Calc: Format → Graphic → Area
- Draw or Impress: Format → Area

Under Colors click on the folder icon ("Load Color List") and select a color palette with the suffix .soc and click on Open.

Tip A other color palettes as standard. Rename the standard.soc file to (for example) "standard_original.soc" and rename for example the basecolors_6.soc or basecolors_5.soc palette to "standard.soc".

### Scribus

#### Scribus up to version 1.3.4

Required: Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .txt from colorpalettes/de/rgb/international/txt (für RGB color palettes), in the following directory:

- Linux: /usr/lib/scribus/swatches/
- Win: ~\Scribus\libs\swatches\
- Mac: scribus.app/Contents/lib/scribus/swatches/

In the software menu breed the dialog "Edit Color":

- Linux: Edit → Colors → New
- Win: Edit → Colors → New
- Mac: Edit → Colors → New

Click on New ("Create a new color within a new set") or Edit and select a color from a color palette and click on OK.

#### Scribus above 1.3.5svn

Optional: Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .txt from colorpalettes/de/rgb/international/txt for RGB color palettes, or with the file suffix .xml from colorpalettes/en/cmyk/international/xml/ for CMYK color palettes, or .soc from colorpalettes/de/rgb/international/soc or colorpalettes/de/rgb/europa/soc for RGB color palettes in the following directory:

- Linux: /usr/lib/scribus/swatches/
- Win: ~\Scribus\libs\swatches\
- Mac: scribus.app/Contents/lib/scribus/swatches/

In the software menu breed the dialog "Edit Color":

- Linux: Edit → Colors → New
- Win: Edit → Colors → New
- Mac: Edit → Colors → New

Click on New ("Create a new color within a new set") or Edit and select a color from a color palette and click on OK.

Optional: In the software menu breed the dialog "Colors":

- Linux: Edit → Colors → Import
- Win: Edit → Colors → Import
- Mac: Edit → Colors → Import

Click on Import ("Import colors from an existing document"), select a color palette with the suffix .soc and import with OK.

### Quanta Plus

Required: Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .gpl from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/gpl or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/gpl in the following directory:

- Linux: ~/.kde/share/config/colors/

### Other KDE applications

Required: Copy the color palettes with the file suffix .gpl from colorpalettes/en/rgb/international/gpl or colorpalettes/en/rgb/europa/gpl in the following directory:

- Linux: ~/.kde/share/config/colors/

### Other applications

Open a Image of the color palettes from the directory colorpalettes/images. Warning: Color names are not available.

Top to contents

## 4 Documentation

### Contents

1. Color Theory
2. Base Colors
3. Spectrum (to White, Black and Gray)
4. Color Atlas (CMY, Web, Web Smart, YMC, to White, Black, Colorful Colors and Chromaticity Type Square)
5. Color Cube Slices
6. Color Harmony
7. Special Palettes
8. Legend

### 4.1 Color Theory

#### Contents

1. Reference
2. Color circle, color picker and color atlas compatibility
3. Base Colors
4. Double Cone
5. Color Circle
6. Hexagon Double Pyramid
7. Color Cube
8. Color Grid
9. Color Names

#### Reference

1. Newton Isaac, 1704: Color spectrum.
2. Maxwell James Clerk, 1856: Color gyro.
3. Benson William, 1868: Color cube.
4. Hickethier Alfred, 1952: Color cube.
5. Hölzel Adolf, 1904: 12-piece color cube.
6. Ostwald, Wilhelm 1917: Double cone
7. CIE, 1931: Color order.
8. Küppers Harald , 1985: Das Grundgesetz der Farbenlehre, Homepage www.kuepperscolor.de
9. Parramón José Maria, 1989: Color Theory, Wie mische ich meine Farben richtig, "Der Maler und seine Farben", "Das große Buch der Farben" and more.
10. Ames Jim, 1996: Color Theory Made Easy
11. Crüger Ingrid, 1999: Farbentheorie und Farbgestaltung
12. Johansson, Donald, 1998: Colors on the Web
13. Franklin, Kirk, 2001: moreCrayons
14. Zwick, Carola and Schmitz Burkhard / Studio 7.5, 2003: Digital Colour for the Internet and Other Media
15. Fraser Tom and Banks Adam, 2004: Designer's Color Manual
16. Greve, Kai, 2005: Die Farbe in der Computergrafik
17. Bachmann Ulrich, 2006: Farben zwischen Licht und Dunkelheit
18. Waldschmidt Brigitte, 2006: Die Kunst-Akademie. Farben mischen - Das Grundlagenbuch für Künstler
19. Weber Helen, 2006: Digitale Farbe, Handbuch Farbkomposition and Handbuch Farbkomposition - Webcolors.
20. Gekeler Hans, 2007: Handbuch der Farbe
21. Welsch, Norbert and Liebmann, Claus Chr., 2007: colors: Natur, Technik, Kunst
22. Hammer Norbert, 2008: Mediendesign für Studium and Beruf

#### Color circle, color picker and color atlas compatibility

1. Maxwell, James Clerk, 1856: color gyro.
2. Benson, William, 1868: color cube.
3. Hölzel Adolf, 1904: 12-piece color circle.
4. Hickethier, Alfred, 1952: color cube.
5. GIMP web color palettes. The same order like the "Web (216)" color palettes in GIMP.
6. GNOME, GIMP and Scribus color picker.
7. Mac color picker spectrum.
8. ISO-Scale (ISO 2846-1) Example, percent: 0, 10, 20...100. Use the "international" color palettes.
9. DIN-Scale/Euroscale (DIN 16539). Example, percent: 00, 10, 20...99. (99=100%). Use the "europa" color palettes [1].

Important: The HSB color model is not symmetric and not used in this documentation.

[1] Note: See table Color Grid and Color Palettes (footnote [4]).

#### Base Colors

Primary colors of RGB and
secondary colors of CMY:

1. Red
2. Green
3. Blue

Primary colors of CMY and
secondary colors of RGB:

1. Cyan
2. Magenta
3. Yellow

Primary colors of achromatic colors:

1. White
2. Black

#### Double Cone

The double cone is compatible to:

1. Color Atlas to colorful colors
2. Color Circle

##### Double Cone 60°

##### Double Cone 30°

#### Color Circle

The color circle is compatible to:

1. HSL/HLS color model
2. GNOME color picker
3. GIMP color picker
4. Scribus color picker

#### Hexagon Double Pyramid

The Hexagon double pyramid is compatible to:

1. Color Cube.
2. Color Atlas WYM, WMY, WCY, WYC, WMC and WCM.

##### Hexagon Double Pyramid 60°

##### Hexagon Double Pyramid 30°

##### Hexagon Double Pyramid 15°: Slice Cyan Red

#### Color Cube

The color cube is compatible to:

1. Color Cube by Alfred Hickethier (1952).
2. Hexagon double pyramid
3. Color Atlas WYM, WMY, WCY, WYC, WMC and WCM.

Info! Turn the color cube ground plan 90° counter clockwise result the order of colors in the double cone and color circle. Reason: On the front and vertical centerline at 0° is the color red. If the color red is on the right side (like the double cone and color circle), the three-dimensionality of the color cube is not visible anymore or the color white is not on top.

##### Color Cube 60°

##### Color Cube 30°

##### Color Cube 10°

#### Color Grid

##### Color Palettes and possible application

1. Base Colors (120° 60°) for: Basic knowledge.
2. Mottled (30°, 15°, 7.5°) for: Painting.
3. Third (20°, 10°, 5°) for: Color Theory, Painting and Printing press.
4. Tenner (6°) for: Printing press.
5. Web (22, 12°, 11.11°) for: Web.

Note: 60°, 15°, 10°, 6° and 12° palettes are blue marked and significant color palettes of the five color groups.

##### Color Grid and Colors

Color Grid and Colors
Degrees | 120° | 60° | 30° | 15° | 7.5° | 20° | 10° | 5° | 2° | 6° | 3° | 12° | 11.11 ~°
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Percent | 200 % | 100 % | 50 % | 25 % | 12.5 % | 33.33 ~% | 16.66 ~% | 8.33 ~% | 3.33 ~% | 10 % | 5 % | 20 % | 18.52 %
Degrees | 120° | 60° | 30° | 15° | 7.5° | 20° | 10° | 5° | 2° | 6° | 3° | 12° | 11.11 ~°
Number of Colors in the color cube | 3 | 6 | 27 | 125 | 729 | 64 | 343 | 2197 | 29791 | 1331 | 9261 | 216 | 4096
White (W) #FFFFFF | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes
(#D5D5D5) | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No
CMY-Gray (L) #AAAAAA | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | Yes
Gray (N) #808080 | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No
RGB-Gray (D) #555555 | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | Yes
(#2B2B2B) | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No
Black (K) #000000 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes
Orange (O) #FF8000 | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No
Dark Red (D-R) #800000 | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No
Dark Yellow (D-Y) #808000 | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No
Dark Green (D-G) #008000 | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No
Dark Cyan (D-C) #008080 | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No
Dark Blue (D-B) #000080 | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No
Dark Magenta (D-M) #800080 | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No
Dark Orange (D-O) #804000 | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | No

##### Color Grid and Color Palettes

Color Grid and Color Palettes
Degrees | 120° | 60° | 30° | 15° | 7.5° | 20° | 10° | 5° | 2° | 6° | 3° | 12° | 11.11 ~°
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Percent | 200 % | 100 % | 50 % | 25 % | 12.5 % | 33.33 ~% | 16.66 ~% | 8.33 ~% | 3.33 ~% | 10 % | 5 % | 20 % | 18.52 %
Degrees | 120° | 60° | 30° | 15° | 7.5° | 20° | 10° | 5° | 2° | 6° | 3° | 12° | 11.11 ~°
Group | Pri- mary colors | 1/1 Base colors | 2/2 | 4/4 [8] | 8/8 | 3/3 | 6/6 | 12/12 | 30/30 | 10/10 | 20/20 | 5/5 Web (216) [9] | 15/15 Web Smart
Application (Example) | Basic knowledge | Painting | Color Theory, Painting, Printing press. | Printing press | Web
Base Colors | No | Yes [3][4] | Yes [3] | Yes [3] | Yes [3] | Yes [3] | Yes [3] | Yes [3] | Yes [3] | Yes [3] | Yes [3] | Yes [3] | Yes [3]
Spectrum Hexagon White | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - | Yes | - | Yes | Yes
Spectrum Hexagon Black | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - | Yes | - | Yes | Yes
Spectrum to White and Black [6] | No | No | Yes | Yes | - | - | Yes | - | - | Yes | - | - | -
Spectrum to Gray [6] | No | No | Yes | Yes | - | - | Yes | - | - | Yes | - | - | -
Color Atlas WYM | No | - | Yes [3] | Yes [3][4] | Yes [3][4] | Yes [3][4] | Yes [3][4] | Yes [3][4] | Yes [3] | Yes [3][4] | Yes [3] | Yes [3][4] | Yes [3][4]
Color Atlas WMY | No | - | Yes [3] | Yes [3] | Yes [3] | Yes [3] | Yes [3] | Yes [3] | Yes [3] | Yes [3] | Yes [3] | Yes [3] | Yes [3]
Color Atlas WCY | No | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Yes [3] | - | - | -
Color Atlas WYC | No | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Yes [3] | - | - | -
Color Atlas WMC | No | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | -
Color Atlas WCM | No | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Yes [3] | - | - | -
Color Atlas to White [6] | No | No | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Yes [3] | - | - | -
Color Atlas to Black [6] | No | No | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Yes [3] | - | - | -
Color Atlas to Color [6] | No | No | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Yes [3] | - | - | -
Color Atlas to Chromaticity Type Square [6] | No | No | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Yes [3] | - | - | -
Triangle CMY | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - | Yes | - | Yes | Yes
Triangle CMY Circle [6] | No | No | Yes | Yes | - | - | - | - | - | Yes | - | - | -
Triangle RGB | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - | Yes | - | Yes | Yes
Triangle RGB Circle [6] | No | No | Yes | Yes | - | - | - | - | - | Yes | - | - | -
Hexagon Gray | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | - | Yes | - | No | No
Hexagon Gray Circle | No | No | - | - | - | No | - | - | - | - | - | No | No
Harmony Complement | No | No | - | - | - | - | Yes | - | - | Yes | - | Yes | -
Harmony Split Complement | No | No | - | - | - | No | Yes | - | - | Yes | - | No (Yes[2]) | No
Harmony Triad | No | No | - | - | - | - | Yes | - | - | Yes | - | Yes | -
Harmony Clash | No | No | - | - | - | No | Yes | - | - | Yes | - | No (Yes[2]) | No
Harmony Tetrad Symmetric | No | No | - | - | - | No | Yes | - | - | Yes | - | No (Yes[2]) | No
Harmony Tetrad Double Complement | No | No | - | - | - | - | Yes | - | - | Yes | - | Yes | -
Harmony Tetrad Complement | No | No | - | - | - | No | Yes | - | - | Yes | - | No (Yes[2]) | No
Harmony Pentagon | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | - | Yes | - | Yes | -
Harmony Analogous Variation | No | No | - | - | - | - | Yes | - | - | Yes | - | Yes | -
Harmony Analogous | No | No | - | - | - | No | Yes | - | - | Yes | - | No | No
Harmony Blend | No | No | No | - [5] | No | No | No | - [5] | No | No | - [5] | No | No
Monochromatic to Black | No | No | - [5] | - [5] | - [5] | - [5] | - [5] | - [5] | - [5] | - [5] | - [5] | - [5] | - [5]
Monochromatic to White | No | No | - [5] | - [5] | - [5] | - [5] | - [5] | - [5] | - [5] | - [5] | - [5] | - [5] | - [5]

#### Color Names

The definition "Light-", "Dark-" or "Gray-" is for colors in the middle of two colors. For example "Light-Red" (L-R) is exactly in the middle of Red and White. We can name this color also "White-Red" (W-R). Because base colors are already different light and dark. Colors near by White are general named as "Light" and near by Black as "Dark". Therefore the color "Light-Black" or "Dark-White" is the same as Gray. Light-Gray (L-N) is the color between White (W) and Gray (N). Dark-Gray (D-N) is the color between Gray (N) and Black (K)

See also: Documentation image 1.6: Hexagon Double Pyramid 15°: Slice Cyan Red.

##### Color Names of Color Atlas 30° (27 colors)

Color Palettes named.

1. Light-Red (L-R)
2. Light-Yellow (L-Y)
3. Light-Green (L-G)
4. Light-Cyan (L-C)
5. Light-Blue (L-B)
6. Light-Magenta (L-M)
7. Red (R)
8. Orange (O)
9. Yellow (Y)
10. Yellow-Green (Y-G)
11. Green (G)
12. Green-Cyan (G-C)
13. Cyan (C)
14. Cyan-Blue (C-B)
15. Blue (B)
16. Blue-Magenta (B-M)
17. Magenta (M)
18. Magenta-Red (M-R)
19. Dark-Red (D-R)
20. Dark-Yellow (D-Y)
21. Dark-Green (D-G)
22. Dark-Cyan (D-C)
23. Dark-Blue (D-B)
24. Dark-Magenta (D-M)
25. White (W)
26. Gray (N)
27. Black (K)

See also: Documentation Image 1.5: Hexagon Double Pyramid 30°.

##### Color Names of Spectrum to White and Black 30° (41 colors)

Color Palettes named.

1. Light-Red (L-R)
2. Light-Orange (L-O)
3. Light-Yellow (L-Y)
4. Light-Yellow-Green (L-Y-G)
5. Light-Green (L-G)
6. Light-Green-Cyan (L-G-C)
7. Light-Cyan (L-C)
8. Light-Cyan-Blue (L-C-B)
9. Light-Blue (L-B)
10. Light-Blue-Magenta (L-B-M)
11. Light-Magenta (L-M)
12. Light-Magenta-Red (L-M-R)
13. Red (R)
14. Orange (O)
15. Yellow (Y)
16. Yellow-Green (Y-G)
17. Green (G)
18. Green-Cyan (G-C)
19. Cyan (C)
20. Cyan-Blue (C-B)
21. Blue (B)
22. Blue-Magenta (B-M)
23. Magenta (M)
24. Magenta-Red (M-R)
25. Dark-Red (D-R)
26. Dark-Orange (D-O)
27. Dark-Yellow (D-Y)
28. Dark-Yellow-Green (D-Y-G)
29. Dark-Green (D-G)
30. Dark-Green-Cyan (D-G-C)
31. Dark-Cyan (D-C)
32. Dark-Cyan-Blue (D-C-B)
33. Dark-Blue (D-B)
34. Dark-Blue-Magenta (D-B-M)
35. Dark-Magenta (D-M)
36. Dark-Magenta-Red (D-M-R)
37. White (W)
38. Light-Gray (L-N)
39. Gray (N)
40. Dark-Gray (D-N)
41. Black (K)

See also: Documentation Image 3.2: Spectrum and: Documentation Image 8.1: Legend.

##### Color Names of Spectrum to Gray 30° (29 colors)

Color Palettes named.

1. Red (R)
2. Orange (O)
3. Yellow (Y)
4. Yellow-Green (Y-G)
5. Green (G)
6. Green-Cyan (G-C)
7. Cyan (C)
8. Cyan-Blue (C-B)
9. Blue (B)
10. Blue-Magenta (B-M)
11. Magenta (M)
12. Magenta-Red (M-R)
13. Gray-Red (N-R)
14. Gray-Orange (N-O)
15. Gray-Yellow (N-Y)
16. Gray-Yellow-Green (N-Y-G)
17. Gray-Green (N-G)
18. Gray-Green-Cyan (N-G-C)
19. Gray-Cyan (N-C)
20. Gray-Cyan-Blue (N-C-B)
21. Gray-Blue (N-B)
22. Gray-Blue-Magenta (N-B-M)
23. Gray-Magenta (N-M)
24. Gray-Magenta-Red (N-M-R)
25. White (W)
26. Light-Gray (L-N)
27. Gray (N)
28. Dark-Gray (D-N)
29. Black (K)

See also: Documentation Image 3.2: Spectrum and: Documentation Image 8.1: Legend.

##### Color Names of Achromatic Base Colors 10° and Color Atlas 10° (7 colors)

Color Palettes named.

1. White (W)
2. (#D5D5D5)
3. CMY-Gray (L)
4. Gray (N)
5. RGB Gray (D)
6. (#2B2B2B)
7. Black (K)

See also: Documentation image 1.11: Color Cube 10° Slice B-M Y-G.

##### Color Names of Achromatic Base Colors 5° and Color Atlas 5° (13 colors)

Color Palettes named.

1. White (W)
2. (#EAEAEA)
3. (#D5D5D5)
4. Light-Gray (L-N)
5. CMY-Gray (L)
6. (#959595)
7. Gray (N)
8. (#6A6A6A)
9. RGB Gray (D)
10. Dark-Gray (D-N)
11. (#2B2B2B)
12. (#151515)
13. Black (K)

See also: Documentation image 1.12: Color Cube 10° Slice Cyan Red.

##### Colors Names of Colorful Base Colors in Books and Software

Colors Names of Colorful Base Colors in Books and Software
Reference/Color Name | Red (R) | Yellow (Y) | Green (G) | Cyan (C) | Blue (B) | Magenta (M)
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Reference/Color Name | Red (R) | Yellow (Y) | Green (G) | Cyan (C) | Blue (B) | Magenta (M)
HEX | #FF0000 | #FFFF00 | #00FF00 | #00FFFF | #0000FF | #FF00FF
Newton Isaac, 1704 | Red | Yellow | Green | Blue | Indigo | -
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1809 | Yellow Red | Yellow | Green | Blue | Blue Red | Purple
Maxwell James Clerk, 1856 | Red | Yellow | Green | Green Blue | Blue | Purple
Benson William, 1868 | Red | ? | Green | ? | Blue | ?
Hickethier Alfred, 1952 | Red | Yellow | Green | Cyan | Blue | Magenta
Hölzel Adolf, 1904 | Purple | Yellow | Green | Cyan | Ultramarin Blue | Magenta
CIE, 1931 | Red | Yellow | Green | Cyan | Blue | Magenta
Küppers Harald , 1985 | Orange-red | Yellow | Green | Cyan-blue | Violet-blue | Magenta-red
Parramón José Maria, 1989 | Red | Yellow | Green | Cyan blue | Dark blue | Magenta
Ames Jim, 1996 | WARM RED | YELLOW | GREEN | CYAN | PURPLE | MAGENTA
Crüger Ingrid, 1999 | Red | Yellow | Green | Cyan | Blue | Magenta
Johansson, Donald, 1998 | Red | Yellow | Green | Cyan | Blue | Magenta
Franklin, Kirk, 2001 | Red | ? | Green | ? | Blue | ?
Zwick, Carola and Schmitz Burkhard / Studio 7.5, 2003 | Red | Yellow | Green | Cyan | Blue | Magenta
Fraser Tom and Banks Adam, 2004 | Red | Yellow | Green | Cyan | Blue | Magenta
Greve, Kai, 2005 | Red | Yellow | Green | Cyan | Blue | Magenta
Bachmann Ulrich, 2006 | Red | Yellow | Green | Cyan | Blue | Magenta
Waldschmidt Brigitte, 2006 | Orange | Yellow | Green | Blue | Violet | Red
Weber Helen, 2006 | Red | Yellow | Green | Cyan | Blue | Magenta
Gekeler Hans, 2007 | Red | Yellow | Green | Cyan | Blue | Magenta
Welsch, Norbert and Liebmann, Claus Chr., 2007 | Red | Yellow | Green | Cyan | Blue | Magenta
Hammer Norbert, 2008 | Orange-red | Yellow | Green | Cyan-blue | Violet-blue | Magenta-red
Zwahlen Christian, 2009 | Red | Yellow | Green | Cyan | Blue | Magenta
HTML 4/VGA | Red | Yellow | Lime | Aqua | Blue | Fuchsia
GIMP Default | Red | Yellow | Green | Cyan | Blue | Magenta
Krita Named Colors | red | yellow | green 1 | cyan 1 | blue 1 | magenta
Inkscape Default | Red | Yellow | Lime | Aqua | Blue | Fuchsia
sK1 Standard CMYK/RGB Palette | Red | Yellow | Green | Cyan | Blue | Magenta
OpenOffice.org/StarOffice Standard | Light red | Yellow | Light green | Light cyan | Light blue | Light magenta
Scribus Basic | Red | Yellow | Green | Cyan | Blue | Magenta

##### Colors Names of Colorful Base Colors in Hardware

Colors Names of Colorful Base Colors in Hardware
Reference/Color Name | Red (R) | Yellow (Y) | Green (G) | Cyan (C) | Blue (B) | Magenta (M)
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Reference/Color Name | Red (R) | Yellow (Y) | Green (G) | Cyan (C) | Blue (B) | Magenta (M)
HEX | #FF0000 | #FFFF00 | #00FF00 | #00FFFF | #0000FF | #FF00FF
Crayons [10] | Red orange | Lemon yellow | Light green | Coelin blue | Cobalt blue | Pink
Gouache | Vermilion | Chrome yellow | Permanent green | Coelin blue | Ultramarin blue | Magenta
Acrylic | Vermilion red | Lemon yellow |  |  |  |

##### Color Names of Colorful Tertiary Colors in Books and Software

Color Names of Colorful Tertiary Colors in Books and Software
Reference/Color Name | Orange (O) | Yellow- Green (Y-G) | Green- Cyan (G-C) | Cyan- Blue (C-B) | Blue- Magenta (B-M) | Magenta- Red (M-R)
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Reference/Color Name | Orange (O) | Yellow- Green (Y-G) | Green- Cyan (G-C) | Cyan- Blue (C-B) | Blue- Magenta (B-M) | Magenta- Red (M-R)
HEX | #FF8000 | #80FF00 | #00FF80 | #0080FF | #8000FF | #FF0080
Newton Isaac, 1704 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1809 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Maxwell James Clerk, 1856 |  |  |  |  |  |
Benson William, 1868 |  |  |  |  |  |
Hickethier Alfred, 1952 |  |  |  |  |  |
Hölzel Adolf, 1904 | Orange | ? | ? | ? | Blue violet | ?
CIE, 1931 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Küppers Harald , 1985 | Yellow Orange | Yellow Green | Blue Green | Middle Blue | Blue Red | Middle Red
Parramón José Maria, 1989 | Orange | Light Green/ Yellow Green | Emerald Green/ Chromoxid Green | Ultramarine blue/ Violet | Violet/ Purple | Crimson/ Carmine
Ames Jim, 1996 | ORANGE | LIME GREEN | TURQUOISE | BLUE | MAUVE- VIOLET | COOL RED
Crüger Ingrid, 1999 |  |  |  |  |  |
Johansson, Donald, 1998 |  |  |  |  |  |
Franklin, Kirk, 2001 |  |  |  |  |  |
Zwick, Carola and Schmitz Burkhard / Studio 7.5, 2003 |  |  |  |  |  |
Fraser Tom and Banks Adam, 2004 | Orange |  |  |  |  |
Greve, Kai, 2005 |  |  |  |  |  |
Bachmann Ulrich, 2006 | Orange | Yellow- Green | Cyan- Green | Cobalt Blue | Magenta- Blue | Magenta- Red
Waldschmidt Brigitte, 2006 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Weber Helen, 2006 |  |  |  |  |  |
Gekeler Hans, 2007 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Welsch, Norbert and Liebmann, Claus Chr., 2007 | Orange |  |  |  |  |
Hammer Norbert, 2008 | (Yellow Orange) | (Yellow Green) | (Blue Green) | (Middle Blue) | (Blue Red) | (Middle Red)
Zwahlen Christian, 2009 | Orange | Yellow- Green | Green- Cyan | Cyan- Blue | Blue- Magenta | Magenta- Red
HTML 4/VGA | - | - | - | - | - | -
GIMP Default | - | - | - | - | - | -
Krita Named Colors | - | - | - | - | - | -
Inkscape Default | - | - | - | - | - | -
sK1 Standard CMYK/RGB Palette | - | - | - | - | - | -
OpenOffice.org/StarOffice Standard | - | - | - | - | - | -
Scribus Basic | - | - | - | - | - | -

##### Color Names of Colorful and Light Colors in Books and Software

Color Names of Colorful and Light Colors in Books and Software
Reference/Color Name | Light- Red (L-R) | Light- Yellow (L-Y) | Light- Green (L-G) | Light- Cyan (L-C) | Light- Blue (L-B) | Light- Magenta (L-M)
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Reference/Color Name | Light- Red (L-R) | Light- Yellow (L-Y) | Light- Green (L-G) | Light- Cyan (L-C) | Light- Blue (L-B) | Light- Magenta (L-M)
HEX | #FF8080 | #FFFF80 | #80FF80 | #80FFFF | #8080FF | #FF80FF
Newton Isaac, 1704 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1809 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Maxwell James Clerk, 1856 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Benson William, 1868 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Hickethier Alfred, 1952 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Hölzel Adolf, 1904 | - | - | - | - | - | -
CIE, 1931 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Küppers Harald , 1985 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Parramón José Maria, 1989 |  |  |  |  |  |
Ames Jim, 1996 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Crüger Ingrid, 1999 |  |  |  |  |  |
Johansson, Donald, 1998 |  |  |  |  |  |
Franklin, Kirk, 2001 |  |  |  |  |  |
Zwick, Carola and Schmitz Burkhard / Studio 7.5, 2003 |  |  |  |  |  |
Fraser Tom and Banks Adam, 2004 |  |  |  |  |  |
Greve, Kai, 2005 |  |  |  |  |  |
Bachmann Ulrich, 2006 |  |  |  |  |  |
Waldschmidt Brigitte, 2006 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Weber Helen, 2006 |  |  |  |  |  |
Gekeler Hans, 2007 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Welsch, Norbert and Liebmann, Claus Chr., 2007 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Hammer Norbert, 2008 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Zwahlen Christian, 2009 | Light- Red | Light- Yellow | Light- Green | Light- Cyan | Light- Blue | Light- Magenta
HTML 4/VGA | - | - | - | - | - | -
GIMP Default | - | - | - | - | - | -
Krita Named Colors | - | - | - | - | - | -
Inkscape Default | #FF8080 | #FFFF80 | #80FF80 | #80FFFF | #8080FF | #FF80FF
sK1 Standard CMYK/RGB Palette | - | - | - | - | - | -
OpenOffice.org/StarOffice Standard | - | - | - | - | - | -
Scribus Basic | - | - | - | - | - | -

##### Color Names of Colorful and Dark Colors in Books and Software

Color Names of Colorful and Dark Colors in Books and Software
Reference/Color Name | Dark- Red (D-R) | Dark- Yellow (D-Y) | Dark- Green (D-G) | Dark- Cyan (D-C) | Dark- Blue (D-B) | Dark- Magenta (D-M)
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Reference/Color Name | Dark- Red (D-R) | Dark- Yellow (D-Y) | Dark- Green (D-G) | Dark- Cyan (D-C) | Dark- Blue (D-B) | Dark- Magenta (D-M)
HEX | #800000 | #808000 | #008000 | #008080 | #000080 | #800080
Newton Isaac, 1704 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1809 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Maxwell James Clerk, 1856 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Benson William, 1868 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Hickethier Alfred, 1952 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Hölzel Adolf, 1904 | - | - | - | - | - | -
CIE, 1931 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Küppers Harald , 1985 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Parramón José Maria, 1989 |  |  |  |  |  |
Ames Jim, 1996 | WARM RED SHADE | YELLOW SHADE | GREEN SHADE | CYAN SHADE | PURPLE SHADE | MAGENTA SHADE
Crüger Ingrid, 1999 |  |  |  |  |  |
Johansson, Donald, 1998 |  |  |  |  |  |
Franklin, Kirk, 2001 |  |  |  |  |  |
Zwick, Carola and Schmitz Burkhard / Studio 7.5, 2003 |  |  |  |  |  |
Fraser Tom and Banks Adam, 2004 |  |  |  |  |  |
Greve, Kai, 2005 |  |  |  |  |  |
Bachmann Ulrich, 2006 |  |  |  |  |  |
Waldschmidt Brigitte, 2006 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Weber Helen, 2006 |  |  |  |  |  |
Gekeler Hans, 2007 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Welsch, Norbert and Liebmann, Claus Chr., 2007 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Hammer Norbert, 2008 | - | - | - | - | - | -
Zwahlen Christian, 2009 | Dark- Red | Dark- Yellow | Dark- Green | Dark- Cyan | Dark- Blue | Dark- Magenta
HTML 4/VGA | Maroon | Olive | Green | Teal | Navy | Purple
GIMP Default | Dark Red | Dark Yellow | Dark Green | Dark Cyan | Dark Blue | Dark Magenta
Krita Named Colors | - | - | - | - | navy blue | -
Inkscape Default | Maroon | Olive | Green | Teal | Navy | Purple
sK1 Standard CMYK/RGB Palette | Dark Red | Dark Yellow | Dark Green | Dark Cyan | Dark Blue | Dark Magenta
OpenOffice.org/StarOffice Standard | Red | Brown | Green | Turquoise | Blue | Magenta
Scribus Basic | - | - | - | - | - | -

##### Colors Names of Achromatic Colors in Books and Software

Colors Names of Achromatic Colors in Books and Software
Reference/Color Name | White (W) | Light- Gray (L-N) | Gray (N) | Dark- Gray (D-N) | Black (K)
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Reference/Color Name | White (W) | Light- Gray (L-N) | Gray (N) | Dark- Gray (D-N) | Black (K)
HEX | #FFFFFF | #BFBFBF | #808080 | #404040 | #000000
Newton Isaac, 1704 | White | - |  | - | Black
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1809 | White | - | Gray | - | Black
Maxwell James Clerk, 1856 | White | - |  | - | Black
Benson William, 1868 | White | - |  | - | Black
Hickethier Alfred, 1952 | White | - |  | - | Black
Hölzel Adolf, 1904 | White | - | Gray | - | Black
CIE, 1931 | White | - |  | - | Black
Küppers Harald , 1985 | White | - | Neutral Gray | - | Black
Parramón José Maria, 1989 | White | - | Gray | - | Black
Ames Jim, 1996 | White | - | Gray | - | Black
Crüger Ingrid, 1999 | White | - | Gray | - | Black
Johansson, Donald, 1998 | White | - | Gray | - | Black
Franklin, Kirk, 2001 | White | - | Gray | - | Black
Zwick, Carola and Schmitz Burkhard / Studio 7.5, 2003 | White | - | Gray | - | Black
Fraser Tom and Banks Adam, 2004 | White | - | Gray | - | Black
Greve, Kai, 2005 | White | - | Gray | - | Black
Bachmann Ulrich, 2006 | White | - | BlackGray | - | Black
Waldschmidt Brigitte, 2006 | White | - | Gray | - | Black
Weber Helen, 2006 | White | - | Gray | - | Black
Gekeler Hans, 2007 | White | - | Gray | - | Black
Welsch, Norbert and Liebmann, Claus Chr., 2007 | White | - | Gray | - | Black
Hammer Norbert, 2008 | White | - | Gray | - | Black
Zwahlen Christian, 2009 | White | Light- Gray | Gray | Dark- Gray | Black
HTML 4/VGA | White | - | Gray | - | Black
GIMP Default | White | (gray25) | Gray 50% | (gray75) | Black
Krita Named Colors | snow | - | - | - | Black
Inkscape Default | White | - | 50% Gray | - | Black
sK1 Standard CMYK/RGB Palette | White | - | 50% Black | - | Black
OpenOffice.org/StarOffice Standard | White | - | Gray | - | Black
Scribus Basic | White | - | - | - | Black

##### Colors Names of Achromatic Colors in Hardware

Colors Names of Achromatic Colors in Hardware
Reference/Color Name | White (W) | Light- Gray (L) | Gray (N) | Dark- Gray (D) | Black (K)
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Reference/Color Name | White (W) | Light- Gray (L) | Gray (N) | Dark- Gray (D) | Black (K)
HEX | #FFFFFF | #BFBFBF | #808080 | #404040 | #000000
Crayons [10] | White | Light Gray K25% | Gray | Dark Gray K75% | Black
Pastel | White |  |  |  | Black
Watercolour Gouache | White |  |  |  | Black
Acrylic and oil paint | Titan White | - | Neutral Gray | - | Black

##### Colors Names of Achromatic Colors 10° in Books and Software

Colors Names of Achromatic Colors 10° in Books and Software
Reference/Color Name | White (W) | (#D5D5D5) | CMY-Gray (L) | Gray (N) | RGB-Gray (D) | (#2B2B2B) | Black (K)
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Reference/Color Name | White (W) | #D5D5D5 | CMY-Gray (L) | Gray (N) | RGB-Gray (D) | (#2B2B2B) | Black (K)
HEX | #FFFFFF | #D5D5D5 | #AAAAAA | #808080 | #555555 | #2B2B2B | #000000
Newton Isaac, 1704 | White | - | - |  | - | - | Black
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1809 | White | - | - | Gray | - | - | Black
Maxwell James Clerk, 1856 | White | - | - |  | - | - | Black
Benson William, 1868 | White | - | - |  | - | - | Black
Hickethier Alfred, 1952 | White | - | - |  | - | - | Black
Hölzel Adolf, 1904 | White | - | - | Gray | - | - | Black
CIE, 1931 | White | - | - |  | - | - | Black
Küppers Harald , 1985 | White | - | Light Gray | Neutral Gray | Dark Gray | - | Black
Parramón José Maria, 1989 | White | - | - | Gray | - | - | Black
Ames Jim, 1996 | WHITE | - | - | GRAY | - | - | BLACK
Crüger Ingrid, 1999 | White | - | - | Gray | - | - | Black
Johansson, Donald, 1998 | White | - | - | Gray | - | - | Black
Franklin, Kirk, 2001 | White | - | - | Gray | - | - | Black
Zwick, Carola and Schmitz Burkhard / Studio 7.5, 2003 | White | - | - | Gray | - | - | Black
Fraser Tom and Banks Adam, 2004 | White | - | - | Gray | - | - | Black
Greve, Kai, 2005 | White | - | - | Gray | - | - | Black
Bachmann Ulrich, 2006 | White | - | - | Black-Gray | - | - | Black
Waldschmidt Brigitte, 2006 | White | - | - | Gray | - | - | Black
Weber Helen, 2006 | White | - | - | Gray | - | - | Black
Gekeler Hans, 2007 | White | - | - | Gray | - | - | Black
Welsch, Norbert and Liebmann, Claus Chr., 2007 | White | - | - | Gray | - | - | Black
Hammer Norbert, 2008 | White | - | Light Gray | Gray | Dark Gray | - | Black
Zwahlen Christian, 2009 | White |  | CMY-Gray | Gray | RGB-Gray |  | Black
HTML 4/VGA | White | - | - | Gray | - | - | Black
GIMP Default | White | - | - | Gray 50% | - | - | Black
Krita Named Colors | snow | - | - | - | - | - | black
Inkscape Default | White | - | - | 50% Gray | - | - | Black
sK1 Standard CMYK/RGB Palette | White | - | - | 50% Black | - | - | Black
OpenOffice.org/StarOffice Standard | White | - | - | Gray | - | - | Black
Scribus Basic | White | - | - | - | - | - | Black

##### Colors Names of Achromatic Colors 10° in Hardware

Colors Names of Achromatic Colors 10° in Hardware
Reference/Color Name | White (W) | (#D5D5D5) | CMY-Gray (L) | Gray (N) | RGB-Gray (D) | (#2B2B2B) | Black (K)
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Reference/Color Name | White (W) | (#D5D5D5) | CMY-Gray (L) | Gray (N) | RGB-Gray (D) | (#2B2B2B) | Black (K)
HEX | #FFFFFF | #D5D5D5 | #AAAAAA | #808080 | #555555 | #2B2B2B | #000000
Crayons [10] | White | - (Silver grey K12.5%) | - (Light grey K25%, Steel grey K37.5%) | Grey | - (Mouse grey K62.5%, Dark grey K75%) | - (Greyish black K87.5%) | Black
Pastel | White | - | - | - | - | - | Black
Watercolour Gouache | White | - | - | - | - | - | Black
Acrylic and oil paint | Titan white | - | - | Neutral gray | - | - | Black

##### Legend

Yes
  Available.
No
  Not possible, not available.
-
  Possible, not available.

[2] The color palettes 12°/20% Web can not use the degree grid, but a adapted.

[3] RGB and CMYK color palettes.

[4] International and Europa color palettes.

[5] See Spectrum or Base Colors.

[6] Not equidistant colors in the color cube.

[7] Color cube of Alfred Hickethier (1952).

[8] Helen Weber "Handbuch Farbkomposition" (2008).

[9] Helen Weber "Handbuch Farbkomposition Webcolors" (2008).

[10] Source: CARAN d'ACHE

### 4.2 Base Colors

Base colors are: Red, Green, Blue, Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, White and Black. The distance from one base color to an other is in the double cone, color circle, hexagon double pyramid and color cube (colorful base colors) 100%.

In the color cube model are the achromatic base colors white and black further apart. But that implies not more (achromatic) colors in the color cube. The color grid is the same in each color model on the colorful and achromatic line.

The six colorful base colors Red, Green, Blue, Cyan, Magenta and Yellow are on the colorful line, arranged with a distance of 60°. The two achromatic base colors White and Black are on the achromatic line and arranged with the same distance of two colorful base colors. See for example Documentation image 1.1.

In the RGB model are Red, Green and Blue primary colors and Cyan, Magenta and Yellow secondary colors.

The intermixture of two base colors result a tertiary color. This mixture is a color grid of 50% or 30°. See for example Documentation image 1.2. This and other intermixture of base colors at the colorful or achromatic line implies the color palettes: base colors (Base Colors). Mixture of colorful base colors with the achromatic base colors are in the color palettes: Spectrum.

#### Base Colors RY

1. Base Colors 60°/100% RY
2. Base Colors 30°/50% RY
3. Base Colors 15°/25% RY
4. Base Colors 7.5°/12.5% RY
5. Base Colors 20°/33.33% RY
6. Base Colors 10°/16.66% RY
7. Base Colors 5°/8.33% RY
8. Base Colors 2°/3.33% RY
9. Base Colors 6°/10% RY
10. Base Colors 3°/5% RY
11. Base Colors 12°/20% Web RY
12. Base Colors 11.11°/18.52% Web Smart RY

#### Base Colors YR

1. Base Colors 60°/100% YR
2. Base Colors 30°/50% YR
3. Base Colors 15°/25% YR
4. Base Colors 7.5°/12.5% YR
5. Base Colors 20°/33.33% YR
6. Base Colors 10°/16.66% YR
7. Base Colors 5°/8.33% YR
8. Base Colors 2°/3.33% YR
9. Base Colors 6°/10% YR
10. Base Colors 3°/5% YR
11. Base Colors 12°/20% Web YR
12. Base Colors 11.11°/18.52% Web Smart YR

### 4.3 Spectrum

Mixture of colorful base colors with the achromatic base colors are in the color palettes: Spectrum. Mixture of base colors at colorful line or achromatic line are in the color palettes: Base Colors

#### Spectrum Hexagon White

1. Spectrum Hexagon 30°/50% White
2. Spectrum Hexagon 15°/25% White
3. Spectrum Hexagon 7.5°/12.5% White
4. Spectrum Hexagon 20°/33.33% White
5. Spectrum Hexagon 10°/16.66% White
6. Spectrum Hexagon 5°/8.33% White
7. Spectrum Hexagon 6°/10% White
8. Spectrum Hexagon 12°/20% White Web
9. Spectrum Hexagon 11.11°/18.52% White Web Smart

#### Spectrum Hexagon Black

1. Spectrum Hexagon 30°/50% Black
2. Spectrum Hexagon 15°/25% Black
3. Spectrum Hexagon 7.5°/12.5% Black
4. Spectrum Hexagon 20°/33.33% Black
5. Spectrum Hexagon 10°/16.66% Black
6. Spectrum Hexagon 5°/8.33% Black
7. Spectrum Hexagon 6°/10% Black
8. Spectrum Hexagon 12°/20% Black Web
9. Spectrum Hexagon 11.11°/18.52% Black Web Smart

#### Spectrum to White and Black

1. Spectrum 30°/50% (to White and Black)
2. Spectrum 15°/25% (to White and Black)
3. Spectrum 10°/16.66% (to White and Black)
4. Spectrum 6°/10% (to White and Black)

#### Spectrum Gray

1. Spectrum 30°/50% Gray (to neutral gray)
2. Spectrum 15°/25% Gray (to neutral gray)
3. Spectrum 6°/10% Gray (to neutral gray)

### 4.4 Color Atlas

#### Contents

1. Color Atlas WYM
2. Color Atlas WMY
3. Color Atlas WCY
4. Color Atlas WYC
5. Color Atlas WMC
6. Color Atlas WCM
7. Color Atlas to White
8. Color Atlas to Black
9. Color Atlas to Colorful Colors
10. Color Atlas: Chromaticity Type Square

#### Explanation

##### Symmetry of color atlases

Color atlases with a symmetric color grid are:

1. Color Atlas WYM
2. Color Atlas WMY
3. Color Atlas WCY
4. Color Atlas WYC
5. Color Atlas WMC
6. Color Atlas WCM
7. Web
8. Web Smart

Color atlases with a asymmetric color grid are:

1. Color Atlas to White
2. Color Atlas to Black
3. Color Atlas to Colorful Colors
4. Color Atlas: Chromaticity Type Square (half symmetric)

In this color atlases are the colors not evenly distributed.

##### Adjustment of colors in the color palettes

Good adjusted colors in color atlases by Light/Dark and warm/cold attributes are:

1. Color Atlas WYM
2. Color Atlas WMY
3. Color Atlas WCY
4. Web
5. Web Smart

##### Color atlas compatibility

Color atlases and color models.

1. The color atlases 6°/10% WYM, WMY, WCY, WYC, WMC and WCM are compatible to the color cube of Alfred Hickethier (1952)
2. The color atlases to black are accord to the HSV and HSB color model.
3. The color atlases to colorful colors are accord to the documented double cone color model.
4. The color atlases to colorful colors and Chromaticity Type Square and the documented double cone color model are compatible to the HSL color model.

#### Color Atlas WYM, Web and Web Smart

##### Attributes

1. Symmetric color grid.
2. Good adjusted colors in the color palettes.
3. Images are symmetric.

##### Color Palettes

1. Color Atlas 30°/50% WYM
2. Color Atlas 15°/25% WYM
3. Color Atlas 7.5°/12.5% WYM
4. Color Atlas 20°/33.33% WYM
5. Color Atlas 10°/16.66% WYM
6. Color Atlas 5/8.33% WYM
7. Color Atlas 2/3.33% WYM
8. Color Atlas 6°/10% WYM
9. Color Atlas 3°/5% WYM
10. Color Atlas 12°/20% WYM Web
11. Color Atlas 11.12°/6.67% Web Smart

#### Color Atlas WMY

##### Attributes

1. Symmetric color grid.
2. Good adjusted colors in the color palettes.
3. Images are symmetric.

##### Color Palettes

1. Color Atlas 30°/50% WMY
2. Color Atlas 15°/25% WMY
3. Color Atlas 7.5°/12.5% WMY
4. Color Atlas 20°/33.33% WMY
5. Color Atlas 10°/16.66% WMY
6. Color Atlas 5/8.33% WMY
7. Color Atlas 2/3.33% WMY
8. Color Atlas 6°/10% WMY
9. Color Atlas 3°/5% WMY
10. Color Atlas 12°/20% WMY Web
11. Color Atlas 11.12°/6.67% Web Smart

#### Color Atlas WCY

##### Attributes

1. Symmetric color grid.
2. Good adjusted colors in the color palettes.

##### Color Palettes

1. Color Atlas 6°/10% WCY

#### Color Atlas WYC

##### Attributes

1. Symmetric color grid.

##### Color Palettes

1. Color Atlas 6°/10% WYC

#### Color Atlas WMC

##### Attributes

1. Symmetric color grid.

##### Color Palettes

1. None

#### Color Atlas WCM

##### Attributes

1. Symmetric color grid.
2. Images are symmetric.

##### Color Palettes

1. Color Atlas 6°/10% WCM

#### Color Atlas to White

##### Attributes

1. Asymmetric color grid.

##### Color Palettes

1. Color Atlas 6°/10% to White

#### Color Atlas to Black

##### Attributes

1. Asymmetric color grid.
2. Accord to the HSV and HSB color model.

##### Color Palettes

1. Color Atlas 6°/10% to Black

#### Color Atlas to Colorful Colors

##### Attributes

1. Asymmetric color grid.
2. Accord to the here documented double cone color model.
3. Compatible to the HSL color model.

##### Color Palettes

1. Color Atlas 6°/10% to Colorful Colors

#### Color Atlas: Chromaticity Type Square

##### Attributes

1. Half symmetric color grid.
2. Compatible to the HSL color model.

Info! See for example Kueppers' Theory of Color: Triangle of Identical Chromaticity Type.

##### Color Palettes

1. Color Atlas 6°/10% Chromaticity Type Square

### 4.5 Color Cube Slices

The mixture of colors Cyan, Magenta and Yellow result Light Gray (L) #AAAAAA. The horizontal slice through the center line at the colors Light Gray, Cyan, Magenta and Yellow, in the color cube, view from top, result the color palettes: Triangle CMY.

The mixture of colors Red, Green and Blue result Dark Gray (D) #555555. The horizontal slice through the center line at the colors Dark Gray, Red, Green and Blue, in the color cube, view from top, result the color palettes: Triangle RGB.

The mixture of colorful colors result the Neutral Gray (N) #808080. The horizontal slice through the center line at the Neutral Gray, in the color cube, view from top, result the color palettes: Hexagon Gray. See for it also Documentation image 1.14

In the arrangement of colors to a circle, the color grid is no longer symmetric and the line in the triangle and hexagon do not run any more parallel to the outer edge, but in the circle and to the middle.

Warning! The three mix colors Light Gray (L), Dark Gray (D) and Neutral Gray (N) exists not in any color grid. See for it the table color grid. For example all these three mix colors together exists in color atlas 10°, 5° and 2°. See for it also Documentation image 1.11, it shows the vertical slice along the center line at Yellow-Green and Blue-Magenta in the color cube 10°.

#### Triangle CMY

1. Triangle 30°/50% CMY
2. Triangle 15°/25% CMY
3. Triangle 7.5°/12.5% CMY
4. Triangle 20/33.33% CMY
5. Triangle 10°/16.66% CMY
6. Triangle 5°/8.33% CMY
7. Triangle 6°/10% CMY
8. Triangle 12/20% CMY Web
9. Triangle 11.11/18.52% CMY Web Smart

#### Triangle CMY circle

1. Triangle 30°/50% CMY circle
2. Triangle 15°/25% CMY circle
3. Triangle 6°/10% CMY circle

#### Triangle RGB

1. Triangle 30°/50% RGB
2. Triangle 15°/25% RGB
3. Triangle 7.5°/12.5% RGB
4. Triangle 20/33.33% RGB
5. Triangle 10°/16.66% RGB
6. Triangle 5°/8.33% RGB
7. Triangle 6°/10% RGB
8. Triangle 12/20% RGB Web
9. Triangle 11.11/18.52% RGB Web Smart

#### Triangle RGB circle

1. Triangle 30°/50% RGB circle
2. Triangle 15°/25% RGB circle
3. Triangle 6°/10% RGB circle

#### Hexagon Gray

1. Hexagon 30°/50% Gray
2. Hexagon 15°/25% Gray
3. Hexagon 7.5°/12.5% Gray
4. Hexagon 10°/16.66% Gray
5. Hexagon 5°/8.33% Gray
6. Hexagon 6°/10% Gray

#### Hexagon Gray circle

1. None

### 4.6 Color Harmony

The advantage compared to color harmony software is, you can search targeted on this color palettes for color harmonies and then, if it is necessary, edit the color harmonies to the achromatic axis (White to Black).

#### Complement

Duad 0°, 180°

The color palettes 12°/20% Web can not use the degree grid, but a adapted.

1. Complement 6°/10%
2. Complement 6°/10% Warm/Cold
3. Complement 6°/10% Light/Dark
4. Complement 10°/16.66%
5. Complement 10°/16.66% Warm/Cold
6. Complement 10°/16.66% Light/Dark
7. Complement 12°/20% Web
8. Complement 12°/20% Warm/Cold Web
9. Complement 12°/20% Light/Dark Web

#### Split Complement

Triad 0°, 150°, 210°

1. Triad Split Complement 6°/10%
2. Triad Split Complement 10°/16.66%
3. Triad Split Complement 12°/20% Web

#### Triad

Triad 0°, 120°, 240°

1. Triad 6°/10%
2. Triad 10°/16.66%
3. Triad 12°/20% Web

#### Clash

Triad 0°, 90°, 270°

The color palettes 12°/20% Web can not use the degree grid, but a adapted.

1. Triad Clash 6°/10%
2. Triad Clash 10°/16.66%
3. Triad Clash 12°/20% Web

#### Tetrad Symmetric

Tetrad 0°, 90°, 180°, 270°

The color palettes 12°/20% Web can not use the degree grid, but a adapted.

1. Tetrad Symmetric 6°/10%
2. Tetrad Symmetric 10°/16.66%
3. Tetrad Symmetric 12°/20% Web

#### Tetrad Double Complement

Tetrad 0°, 60°, 180°, 240°

1. Tetrad Double Complement 6°/10%
2. Tetrad Double Complement 10°/16.66%
3. Tetrad Double Complement 12°/20% Web

#### Tetrad Complement

Tetrad 0°, 30°, 180°, 210°

The color palettes 12°/20% Web can not use the degree grid, but a adapted.

1. Tetrad Complement 6°/10%
2. Tetrad Complement 10°/16.66%
3. Tetrad Complement 12°/20% Web

#### Pentagon

Pentagon 0°, 72°, 144°, 216°, 288°

1. Pentagon 6°/10%
2. Pentagon 12°/20% Web

#### Analogous Variation

Triad 0°, 60°, 120°

1. Triad Analogous Variation 6°/10%
2. Triad Analogous Variation 10°/16.66%
3. Triad Analogous Variation 12°/20% Web

#### Analogous

Triad 0°, 30°, 60° (or 6 colors)

1. Triad Analogous 6°/10%
2. Triad Analogous 10°/16.66%

See: Spectrum 30 degrees/50 percent

#### Blend / Blend Neutral

Triad 0°, 15°, 30° (or 5-6 colors)

1. Triad Clash See: Spectrum 15 degrees/25 percent

#### Monochromatic to Black

Tetrads

1. See: Spectrum

#### Monochromatic to White

Tetrads

1. See: Spectrum

### 4.7 Special Palettes

1. HTML 4/VGA
2. Web 22
3. SVG 1.0/CSS 3 (ordered by [11])

[11] de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webfarben

### 4.8 Legend

RGB
  Red Green Blue.
CMYK
  Cyan Magenta Yellow Key/Black.
3D
  Three Dimension.
  Information
  Important
  Warning
  Error (No)
  OK (Yes)
  New
Ja
  Yes/OK/Support/Available.
No
  No/Not possible/Not available.
-
  Possible/Not available.

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## 5 Reference/Websites

### Literature

1. Ames, Jim: Color Theory Made Easy, Watson-Guptill, 1. edition 1996, watsonguptill.com
2. Bachmann, Ulrich and Bernhardt, Marion: Farben zwischen Licht und Dunkelheit, Niggli, 2006, niggli.ch
3. Fraser, Tom and Banks, Adam : Designer's Color Manual, Chronicle Books, 1. edition 2004, chroniclebooks.com
4. Gekeler, Hans: Handbuch der Farbe, DuMont Buchverlag, 6. edition 2007, dumont-buchverlag.de
5. Hammer, Norbert: Mediendesign für Studium und Beruf, Springer, 1. edition 2008, springer.com
6. Küppers, Harald: Das Grundgesetz der Farbenlehre, DuMont Buchverlag, 8. edition 1997, dumont-buchverlag.de
7. Küppers, Harald: Schnellkurs Farbenlehre, DuMont Buchverlag, 1. edition 2005, dumont-buchverlag.de
8. Küppers, Harald: Schule der Farben, DuMont Buchverlag, 2. edition 2001, dumont-buchverlag.de
9. Küppers, Harald: Harmonylehre der Farben, DuMont Buchverlag, 2. edition 1999, dumont-buchverlag.de
10. Küppers, Harald: DuMont's Farbenatlas, DuMont Buchverlag, 10. edition 2007, dumont-buchverlag.de
11. Parramón, José Maria: Color Theory, Watson-Guptill, 1989, watsonguptill.com
12. Parramón, José Maria: Wie mische ich meine Farben richtig, Edition Fischer, 5. edition 2005, edition-m-fischer.de
13. Waldschmidt, Brigitte: Die Kunst-Akademie. Farben mischen - Das Grundlagenbuch für Künstler, Englisch Verlag, 1. edition 2006, englisch-verlag.de
14. Weber, Helen: Digitale Farbe, Mitp-Publisher, 1. edition 2006, mitp.de
15. Weber, Helen: Handbuch Farbkomposition, Mitp-Publisher, 1. edition 2008, mitp.de
16. Weber, Helen: Handbuch Farbkomposition - Webfarben, Mitp-Publisher, 1. edition 2008, mitp.de
17. Welsch, Norbert and Liebmann, Claus Chr.: Farben: Natur, Technik, Kunst, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, 2. edition 2007, elsevier.de
18. Zwick, Carola and Schmitz Burkhard / Studio 7.5: Farbe digital, Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag, 1. edition 2004, rororo.de, avabooks.ch

### Websites

1. Crüger, Ingrid, 1999: Farbentheorie und Farbgestaltung
2. Franklin, Kirk, 2001: moreCrayons
3. Greve, Kai, 2005: Die Farbe in der Computergrafik
4. Johansson, Donald, 1998: Colors on the Web
5. Küppers, Harald, 1985: kuepperscolor.de

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## 6 Acknowledgment

- Gnome 2.18 icon theme by AMAZIGH Aneglus

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## 7 Homepage/Support

- Homepage: www.zwahlendesign.ch/en/colorpalettes
- Support/Contact: www.zwahlendesign.ch/en/contact
- E-Mail: info@zwahlendesign.ch

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## 8 Changelog

### ZwahlenDesign Color Palettes 7.2: 2010-05-17

1. New: 9 more color palettes, base colors 15° YR, 7.5° YR, 20° YR, 10° YR, 5° YR, 2° YR, 3° YR, 12° Web YR, 11.11° Web Smart YR .
2. New: Tertiary color names in all base colors.
3. New: Documentation image 1.6: Hexagon Double Pyramid 15°: Slice Cyan Red.
4. New: German LIESMICH.txt.
5. Edited: German color palettes with umlauts (required Agave 0.4.7).
6. Edited: Complete named color palette of Spectrum 30°/50% Gray.
7. Edited: Spectrum to White and Black, the achromatic colors.
8. Edited: Color names of: Base Colors 5°, 10, 20°, Color Atlas 5°, 10° WYM/WMY, 20° WYM/WMY. Sectrum 10°. Triangle 5° RGB/CMY, 10° RGB/CMY, 20° RGB/CMY.
9. Fixed: Color names in base bolors 2°.

### ZwahlenDesign Color Palettes 7.1: 2010-04-08

1. New: Extension for OpenOffice.org/StarOffice/NeoOffice.
2. New: Color names in the documentation.
3. Edit: Base Colors 3°.
4. Edit: Symmetric images of all color palettes.
5. Fixed: Triangle 30°/50% RGB (English .gpl and .txt).

### ZwahlenDesign Color Palettes 7.0: 2009-09-01

1. New: Base Colors 3° and 2°.
2. New: Color Atlas 3° and 2°.
3. New: Color Atlases WMY.
4. New: Color Atlas 6° WCY.
5. New: Color Atlas 6° WYC.
6. New: 47 RGB color palettes in XML format for Scribus above 1.3.5svn.
7. New: Documentation: Double Cone 60° and 30°, Color Circle 30°, Hexagon Double Pyramid 60° and 30°, Color Cube 60°, 30° and 10°.
8. New: Documentation: Color Atlases WYM*, WMY, WCM, WCY, WYC, WMC, and WCM* (* reprocessed).
9. New: Print CSS.
10. Fixed: Spectrum 30° Gray.
11. Edit: Color Atlases WYM, WMY, WCM, WCY and WYC symmetric images of color palettes.
12. Edit: Documentation web accessible.
13. Edit: Documentation of color altases.
14. Edit: Color Atlas 30°, any color have a color name.
15. Edit: Color Harmony Warm/Cold and Light/Dark.
16. Edit: Symmetric images of color palettes: Color Atlas and Spectrum.
17. Edit: Documentation: Color Atlas, legend, images and others.

### ZwahlenDesign Color Palettes 6.0: 2009-06-03

1. New: Spectrum Hexagon White and Black.
2. New: Color Harmony Warm/Cold and Light/Dark.
3. New: 29 named CMYK base and HTML 4/VGA color palettes for Scribus and sK1.
4. New: Support for OpenOffice.org 1, StarOffice 6 and NeoOffice/J 1 - 2 or higher.
5. New: Documentation for StarOffice, NeoOffice, SwatchBooker and sK1.
6. Edit: In the base colors and color atlas color names: RGB values in RGB color palettes and CMYK values in CMYK color palettes.

### ZwahlenDesign Color Palettes 5.0: 2009-04-19

1. New: Hexagon Gray.
2. New: Color Atlas Web.
3. New: Color grid 20°, 10°, 5°.
4. New: All color atlases with CMYK values.
5. New: Color grid table in the documentation.

### ZwahlenDesign Color Palettes 4.1.1: 2009-03-25

1. New: Reference/Source.

### ZwahlenDesign Color Palettes 4.1.0: 2009-03-10

1. New: Harmony Web save color palettes.
2. New: Named CMYK base and HTML 4/VGA color palettes for Scribus.
3. New: Translation of color palettes in German.

### ZwahlenDesign Color Palettes 4.0.1: 2009-02-19

1. Edit: Installation tutorial for Linux, Windows and Mac.

### ZwahlenDesign Color Palettes 4.0: 2009-02-06

1. New: Color Harmony

### ZwahlenDesign Color Palettes 3.0: 2008-08-17

1. New: Color Atlas to White, Black, Colorful Color and Chromaticity Type Triangle.
2. Edit: Spectrum 15°/25%, Spectrum 15°/25% Gray, Spectrum 6°/10%, Spectrum 6°/10% Gray (rounding errors fixed).

### ZwahlenDesign Color Palettes 2.2: 2008-07-31

1. Edit: Documentation

### ZwahlenDesign Color Palettes 2.1: 2008-07-26

1. New: Web Smart

### ZwahlenDesign Color Palettes 2.0: 2008-07-24

1. New: Spectrum Gray, Triangle CMY, Triangle RGB

### ZwahlenDesign Color Palettes 1.0: 2008-07-13

1. First release.

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## 9 License

### License of Color Palettes and Color Palettes Images

Color Palettes Images are all images in the folder: colorpalettes/images/.

- GNU General Public License Version 2 (GNU GPL v2)
- LICENSE.txt

### License of Documentation

- GNU Free Documentation License Version 1.3 (GNU FDL v 1.3)
- fdl-1.3.txt

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## 10 Valid

- Valid XHTML 1.0 Strict!
- Valid CSS!

Top to contents